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Production of organic seed for the organic sector (OF0154) Organic Eprints
Wolfe, Prof Martin.
This is the final report of Defra project OF0154. Under the European Union Regulation on the organic production of agricultural products (2092/91), crops raised in organic systems should be grown from organically produced seed or vegetative material. However, the supply of organic seed is limited in the UK and in Europe as a whole, and so by way of derogation, the EU Regulation permits the use of untreated, conventional seed on organic farms only when an appropriate organic variety cannot be sourced. At the start of this project, the derogation period was due to end on 31 December 2000; however, it was extended in June 1999 to 31 December 2003, after which the use of conventional seed will not be permitted on organic farms. To evaluate the current...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Regulation Markets and trade Breeding; Genetics and propagation.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/8105/1/OF0154_2558_FRP.pdf
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Control of seed borne diseases in production of organic cereals Organic Eprints
Nielsen, Bent; Borgen, Anders; Kristensen, Lars.
In production of organic seed it is important to have some control measures on seed borne diseases to avoid propagation and spread of serious diseases. Due to lack of acceptable treatment methods the only way for the moment is to discard seed lots with unacceptable infections. Experiments have been started to find new and alternative methods for controlling seed borne diseases. In spring barley the results show good effect with 5% acetic acid on leaf stripe (Pyrenophora graminea) but problems with unacceptable effects on seed germination have to be solved. The old method with hot water treatment can be used and the results indicate good results against leaf stripe using water at 55°C. The effect of hot water was enhanced by first soaking the seeds in water...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Post harvest management and techniques Crop health; Quality; Protection Breeding; Genetics and propagation Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/1120/1/Controle_1120.htm
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Pilzwiderstandsfähige Rebsorten – Die Alternative Organic Eprints
Schwab, A. L.; Knott, R.; Schottdorf, W..
Neue Rebsorten müssen klare Vorteile für den Anbauer bringen um akzeptiert zu werden. Eine mehr oder minder stark ausgeprägte Pilzwiderstandsfähigkeit alleine reicht nicht aus, um neue Sorten in den Anbau zu nehmen und am Markt zu etablieren. Umweltleistungen werden vom Verbraucher meist kostenneutral erwartet. Arbeitserleichterung, Umweltschonung, geringeres Schadrisiko und überzeugende weinbauliche Sorteneigenschaften müssen zusammengehen mit guter Aromaausprägung und akzeptablem Weingeschmack. Für den Absatz sind daneben auch noch der Name der Rebsorte von Bedeutung. Unter den getesteten Rebsorten kann der Rebsorte Regent bei den Rotweinsorten und dem Johanniter bei den Weißweinsorten diese Kombination bescheinigt werden. Diese beiden Rebsorten weisen...
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Crop health; Quality; Protection Viticulture.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/2068/1/2068%2Dschwab%2Da%2Det%2Dal%2D2000%2Dpilzresistent%2Dweinmag.rtf
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Einkorn - ein Korn vom Feinsten [Einkorn - cosmic light from oldest grain] Organic Eprints
Müller, Karl-Josef.
Die Einführung zum Thema Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) greift folgende Gesichtspunkte auf: Entstehung und Verbreitung, Verwandtschaften, Erläuterungen für Anbauer, Erträge, mit Spelzen oder spelzenfreidreschend, Sorten, Wissenswertes für Bäcker, das Projekt "Einkorn" in der Getreidezüchtungsforschung Darzau, Kontaktadressen und Internetlinks.
Tipo: Web product Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Processing; Packaging and transportation.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/663/1/index.html
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Quality Assessment of Summer and Autumn Carrots from a Biodynamic Breeding Project and Correlations of Physico-Chemical Parameters and Features determined by Picture Forming Methods Organic Eprints
Hagel, Ingo; Bauer, Dieter; Haneklaus, Silvia; Schnug, Ewald.
Assessment of product quality is of special significance in organic farming and includes the supervision of crop quality in different growing systems and the characterisation of different cultivars. Several methods have been developed and applied for this purpose, e.g., the physico-chemical analysis of crops, picture forming methods (PFMs) and plant observation. So far only limited information is available on the com-parability of these methods. This contribution aims to compare the results of the analysis of physico-chemical parameters of summer and autumn carrots with features determined by PFMs by means of correlation analysis. High and significant correlation coefficients were found between quality parameters of summer and autumn carrots from a...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Food security; Food quality and human health Breeding; Genetics and propagation.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/6128/1/Hagel_2000_M%C3%B6hren_BSM_IFOAM_2000.pdf
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Beurteilung von Zuchtmethoden bei Getreide unter Gesichtspunkten des ökologischen Landbaus [Evaluating cereal breeding methods from an organic farming perspective] Organic Eprints
Müller, Karl-Josef.
Einige Methoden, die im Zusammenhang mit der Getreidezüchtung heute Anwendung finden und bei denen Diskussionsbedarf im Hinblick auf ihre Anwendung in der ökologischen Pflanzenzüchtung besteht, werden beschrieben und diskutiert. Es sind dies die Herstellung von Di-Haploiden in Verbindung mit markergestützter Selektion und die Züchtung von Hybriden auf der Basis cytoplasmatischer Pollensterilität. Die Frage nach für den ökologischen Landbau geeigneten Zuchtmethoden wird diskutiert.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Specific methods.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/660/1/mueller%2Dk%2Dj%2D2000%2Dzuechtungsmethoden%2Dgetreide%2Dde.pdf
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An overnational cereal circuit for developing locally adapted organic seeds of wheat Organic Eprints
Müller, Karl-Josef; Kunz, Peter; Spieß, Hartmut H.; Heyden, Bertold; Irion, Eckart; Karutz, Christine.
On several locations in Germany and Switzerland, new and local varieties of winter wheat were compared to the variety "Bussard" in trial plots with 2-4 replications. Among other parameters, baking quality and gluten content were analised and discussed.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/662/2/mueller%2Dk%2Dj%2D2000%2Difoam%2Dbasel%2Den.pdf
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Seed borne diseases - a challenge for organic cereal production Organic Eprints
Borgen, Anders; Kristensen, Lars.
Seed borne diseases are to be considered serious in organic agriculture, and direct seed treatment methods will some times be necessary. Hot water treatment, mustard extracts and acetic acid can provide efficient control methods. Discussions on the feasibility of the different methods in organic agriculture is needed.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Breeding; Genetics and propagation Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/1119/1/IFOAM2000seed.htm
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Biological control of common bunt (Tilletia tritici) in organic farming Organic Eprints
Borgen, Anders; Davanlou, Mehrnaz.
Common bunt (Tilletia tritici syn. T. caries) is a significant seed borne plant disease in organic agriculture. General measures in ecological crop protection like crop rotation and manuring practice has in practice failed to control this disease, and direct seed treatment therefore seems to be necessary to ensure yield and food quality. Current study indicate that biological control can give successful control without negative effects on seed germination vigour. A combination of biocontrol agents and milk powder improves the effect of the biocontrol. Application of compost to the soil increases the frequency of this disease. The potential role of biocontrol within the principles of ecological disease management is being discussed.
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Post harvest management and techniques Crop health; Quality; Protection Breeding; Genetics and propagation Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/1122/2/biocontrol.htm
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Zur Qualität von Frühmöhren aus einem biologisch-dynamischen Züchtungsprojekt. Organic Eprints
Hagel, I.; Bauer, D.; Haneklaus, S.; Schnug, E..
14 verschiedene Sorten Frühmöhren (moderne Sorten und selektierte Typen, F1-Hybriden) wurden 1998 angebaut. Durch nur einmalige Selektion konnte der Gehalt an Trockenmasse, N, P, K, S, Mg, Ca und Saccharose, der aus den konventionellen Ausgangssorten MICHEL (Sperli) und FRÜHBUND (Sperli) selektierten Möhrenlinien MICHEL (Bauer) und FRÜHBUND (Bauer), beträchtlich gesteigert werden. Diese Entwicklung dürfte auf einen besseren Reifegrad zurückzuführen sein.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health Breeding; Genetics and propagation Vegetables.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://orgprints.org/2190/1/2190%2Dhagel%2Di%2D2000%2Dmoehren%2Ddgq.pdf
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Zwischen Kosmos und Erde. 2. Verlust an Nahrungsqualität durch Hybridsaatgut Organic Eprints
Hagel, Ingo.
[Auszug aus dem Dokument - Einleitung:] Die pflanzliche Nahrung ist einer der Einflüsse, mit denen sich der Mensch jeden Tag auseinandersetzen muss, und die je nach ihrer Qualität nicht nur seine physiologische, sondern auch seine geistig-seelische Konstitution beeinflusst. Zu dieser Frage wurden in der letzten Ausgabe des „Goetheanum“ auf wichtige Beziehungen zwischen dem Wachstum der Pflanzen und dem des Menschen aufmerksam gemacht. Weiter wurde ausgeführt, dass umgewandelte Wachstumskräfte des Menschen die Grundlage für dessen gewöhnliches Bewusstsein sind. Für eine spirituelle Entwicklung sind diese Kräfte aber nicht von Bedeutung, im Übermaß sind sie sogar hinderlich. Daraus konnte verständlich werden, warum die im konventionellen Landbau zur...
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Technology assessment Food security; Food quality and human health Breeding; Genetics and propagation.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/2249/1/2249%2Dhagel%2Di%2D2001%2Dhybrid%2Dgoetheanum.pdf
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Samenfeste Sorten oder Hybriden - Anbauvergleich von Möhren unter den Verhältnissen des Ökologischen Landbaus Organic Eprints
Fleck, M.; Sikora, F.; Gränzdörffer, M.; Rohmund, C.; Fölsch, E.; von Fragstein, P.; Heß, J..
A field trial with carrots was carried out in 1998 at two sites in Hesse (North: loamy soil in Neu-Eichenberg; East: sandy soil in Queck) to compare 6 open pollinating and 6 F1 hybrids under an Organic Farming regime. Characteristics of cultivation, harvest, quality, and longevity were measured. Of the parameters of cultivation and harvest the hybrids showed a more intensive foliage growth, higher marketable yields (plus 29 and 25%), and more homogeneous taproots than the open pollinating cultivars. Picture forming methods clearly separated the samples into the two groups of breeding methods. The open pollinating cultivars were characterized by higher degrees of form intensity and ripeness and a stable vitality. The hybrids of the sandy site had a better...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Vegetables Breeding; Genetics and propagation.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/1163/1/1163%2Dfleck%2Det%2Dal%2D2001%2Dsamen%2Dm%C3%B6hren%2Dwien.pdf
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Forædlingsmål og forædlingsopgaver i økologisk korn og bælgsæd Organic Eprints
Kristensen, Lars; Østergård, Hanne; Jørnsgård, Bjarne.
Vigtige forædlingsmål og metoder for økologiske sorter diskuteres og der gives anbefalinger til prioriteringer.
Tipo: Report chapter Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/3119/1/Foraedlingsmaal.pdf
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Managing crop nitrogen and soil dynamics Organic Eprints
Salon, Christoph; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik.
Despite extensive research grain legume seed protein content and yield remains low and unstable. Grain legume performances in the cropping system are highly dependent upon N nutrition of the crop relying on root assimilation of soil N in combination with symbiotic fixation of atmospheric dinitrogen. In order to improve the competitive ability of grain legumes for growth resources an enlargement of the crop surface area production in combination with a judicious management of both inputs and N acquisition (and allocation to the harvested organs) is needed. Competitive ability implies to take into account economical constraints and the crop production effect on the environment, reducing the amount of N remaining after the crop harvest preventing N...
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/137/1/GL34.pdf
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Overwinter transplant production for extended season organic cropping (OF 0144) Organic Eprints
Stopes, Christopher; et al,.
The objectives of this project (Defra project OF0144), lead by EFRC, were to: • identify acceptable organic fungicide products to control mildew in transplant production • produce integrated organic transplant production systems for brassica, allium and lettuce over the autumn and winter period by identifying optimum cell/block sizes in relation to nutrient requirements and sources, growing media formulation, and supplementary feeding and watering • evaluate developed transplant production protocols during the winter period • undertake technology transfer and dissemination of the results Results: Protocols were tested for a range of crop species and varieties, growing media, cell size and feeding regimes over the three seasons under experimental...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation Vegetables Technology transfer.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/7973/1/OF0144_2145_FRP.pdf
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Ergebnisse einer Studie zur Formulierung eines arteigenen Profils von Einkorn Organic Eprints
Müller, Karl-Josef.
29 Kultureinkornsorten (Triticum monococcum L.) wurden unter Anbaubedingungen des ökologischen Landbaus auf sandigen Böden in Norddeutschland mit Weizen, Emmer und Dinkel verglichen. Einkorn zeichnete sich durch intensiv hellgrünes, festes Stroh und seine filigrane Gestalt aus. Bei der Aussaat im Frühherbst war die Anzahl der Bestockungstriebe bis zu zweimal so hoch wie bei Weizen, die Wuchshöhe der lag dagegen in den frühen Stadien niedriger und das Ährenschieben erfolgte 1 bis 12 Tage später. Die besten Einkornproben erzielten einen Ertrag von 60-70 % der Ernteerträge von Dinkel. Der Beta-Carotin-Gehalt war mit 1-2 % der Trockenmasse zwei bis drei mal so hoch wie bei Hartweizen üblich. Der Proteingehalt sowie die Gehalte an den essentiellen Aminosäuren...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Food security; Food quality and human health Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Breeding; Genetics and propagation.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/665/1/665%2Dmueller%2Dk%2Dj%2D2001%2Dwissenschaftstagung%2Deinkorn.pdf
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Zur Anbauwürdigkeit von Hybriden im biologisch-dynamischen Landbau Organic Eprints
Hagel, Ingo.
Angesprochene Themen: - Bald nur noch Hybridsorten? - Wachstumsschub aus Inzucht - Wüchsig – aber was heißt das für die Qualität? - Was vermitteln Hybriden in der Ernährung? - Hybridsaatgut täuscht Fruchtbarkeit vor - Bewußstsein bilden – Sorte kennzeichnen
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Technology assessment Vegetables Breeding; Genetics and propagation.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/2245/1/2245%2Dhagel%2Di%2D2001%2Dhybrid%2Dle.pdf
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Environmental and economic benefit of new fungus-tolerant grape varieties and their usability for different training systems Organic Eprints
Schwab, A. L.; Knott, R.; Schottdorf, W..
Five selected new fungus-tolerant vitis vinifera L. grape varieties from different German grape breeders were tested over a periode of five years under cool climatic conditions with a special taxation of environmental and economical benefits for different training systems. REGENT, RONDO, JOHANNITER and Gf 48-12 obtained a better wine quality ranking than PINOT NOIR and SILVANER, respectively, and can be recommended for sustainable viticulture to reduce fungicide applications. The new fungus-tolerant varieties are usable for most training systems depending on the expected yield and wine quality. A reduced pesticide application lowers the plant protection costs and increase the financial benefits of the winegrowers. The reduction in working time and...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Farm economics Breeding; Genetics and propagation Viticulture Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/2066/1/2066%2Dschwab%2Da%2Det%2Dal%2D2001%2Dtolerance%2Deco.pdf
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Gute Backqualität durch Schwefelmangelweizen? Organic Eprints
Hagel, Ingo.
Angesprochene Gesichtspunkte: - Züchtung setzt auf technologisch relevante Reserveproteine - Weniger Schwefel fördert Glutenin - Schwefelmangel - zu feste Teige - Weizenbrot ohne Kraft? Abbildungen: Abb. 1: Extensogrammkurven für Mehle (Sorte OLYMPIC) mit unterschiedlichen Schwefelgehalten. Abb. 2: Entwicklung der Einträge an atmosphärischem SO2-S, Anwendung S-enthaltender Dünger und SGehalten in Blättern von Raps (Brassica napus) in Norddeutschland Abb. 3: Zugfestigkeit (gemessen in Newton, N) von Klebern (Weizensorte BUSSARD) der Varianten 0 und 400 kg S/ha eines SDüngungsversuchs mit Kalimagnesia auf einem biologisch-dynamisch wirtschaftenden Betrieb. Abb. 4: Beziehung zwischen N-Gehalten des Mehls und Backvolumina im Rapid-Mix-Test von...
Tipo: Journal paper Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring Food security; Food quality and human health Breeding; Genetics and propagation Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/2250/1/2250%2Dhagel%2Di%2D2001%2Dschwefel%2Dle.pdf
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Strategier til bekæmpelse af udsædsbårne sygdomme Organic Eprints
Borgen, Anders.
Artiklen gennemgår forskellige strategier i reguleringen af frøbårne sygdomme på korn
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc. Palavras-chave: Breeding; Genetics and propagation.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://orgprints.org/3198/1/Ultuna2001.pdf
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